This is the 6th Report of GIEC, part 3 released in 2022

Mitigation of Climate Change - Summary for Policymakers

Previous Special Reports

  • an IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty (2018)
  • Climate Change and Land: an IPCC Special Report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (2019)
  • IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (2019)
  • Average annual GHG emissions during 2010-2019 were higher than in any previous decade
  • it is the highest increase in average decadal emissions on record
  • but the rate of growth between 2010 and 2019 was lower than that between 2000 and 2009
  • The average annual rate of growth slowed from 2.1% yr-1 between 2000 and 2009 to 1.3% yr-1 between 2010 and 2019
  • net anthropogenic GHG : in 2019 12% higher than 2010 and 54% higher than 1990
  • 42% of historical cumulative net CO2 emissions happened between 1990 and 2019
  • All gases have increased. The highest relative growth occurred in fluorinated gases,

Carbon budget

  • GHG emissions 2010 - 2019 : 400 Gt
  • from 2020 onwards for limiting warming to 1.5°C with a probability of 50% has been assessed as 500 Gt CO2 (4/5 of last decade)
  • 1150 Gt CO2 for a probability of 67% for limiting warming to 2°C (1/3 of last decade)
  • Remaining carbon budgets depend on the amount of non-CO2 mitigation (±220 Gt CO2) and are further subject to geophysical uncertainties

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B2 : Sectors

  • Net anthropogenic GHG emissions have increased since 2010 across all major sectors globall
  • . An increasing share of emissions can be attributed to urban areas. Emissions reductions in CO2 from fossil fuels and industrial processes, due to improvements in energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy, have been less than emissions increases from rising global activity levels in industry, energy supply, transport, agriculture and buildings
  • In 2019 emissions by sector :
    • 34% : energy supply (12% if we reattribute energy supply)
    • 24% : industry (34% if we attribute energy supply)
    • 22% : agriculture, forestry and other land use
    • 15% : transport
    • 6% : building (16% if we attribute energy supply)

Growth evolution

  • diminution : Energy supply, industry
  • constant : transport sector

B2.3 : Cities

  • The global share of emissions that can be attributed to urban areas is increasing
  • In 2015, urban emissions were estimated to be 25 GtCO2-eq (about 62% of the global share) and in 2020, 29 GtCO2- eq (67-72% of the global share)

B2.4 : energy intensity

  • Global energy intensity (total primary energy per unit GDP) decreased by 2% yr-1 between 2010 and 2019.
  • Carbon intensity (CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes (CO2 FFI) per unit primary energy) decreased by 0.3% yr-1

B3 : Regional contributions

  • The 10% of households with the highest per capita emissions contribute a disproportionately large share of global household GHG emissions
  • At least 18 countries have sustained GHG emission reductions for longer than 10 years
  • Average global per capita net anthropogenic GHG emissions increased from 7.7 to 7.8 tCO2-eq, ranging from 2.6 tCO2-eq to 19 tCO2-eq across regions.
  • In 2019, LDCs (Least developed countries) are estimated to have emitted 3.3% of global GHG emissions, excluding CO2-LULUCF